Top 10 Countries in Global Agricultural Product Exports

Did you know the global food import bill was valued at over $2 trillion in 2024? This booming industry is shaped by the largest exporter of agricultural products, who dominate the trade of food and raw materials across continents. For Indian importers and exporters, understanding which countries lead this trade, what they are exporting, and their key destinations can open doors to new partnerships and markets.

Let's explore the top contributors and what makes them the largest exporter of agricultural products.

10 Largest Exporters of Agricultural Products

Agricultural exports form the backbone of global trade, feeding millions and fueling industries worldwide. These ten countries lead the way, accounting for a significant share of global agricultural exports. Each brings unique strengths, from technological advancements to natural resource abundance.

1. European Union (EU)

The European Union stands tall as a collective agricultural giant thanks to its rich farmland and advanced farming techniques. With exports worth over $228 billion annually, the EU remains a leader in global trade.

Key Agricultural Exports

The EU is known for high-value products like wine, cheese, dairy, pork, and olive oil. France leads in exporting premium wines and cheese, while Germany dominates in cereals and meat products. Spain is famous for producing some of the world's finest olive oil and a variety of citrus fruits.

Where Are They Exporting?

The EU's major export destinations include the United States, China, and Japan. Africa is another growing market due to the proximity and demand for affordable grains and dairy products.

What Sets the EU Apart?

The EU's focus on quality and sustainability ensures its products meet global standards. For Indian traders, the EU offers a reliable source of high-quality goods backed by strong regulations.

2. United States of America

The United States has long been the largest exporter of agricultural products, boasting a diverse array of products. With agricultural export earnings exceeding $196 billion annually, the U.S. plays a pivotal role in feeding the world.

Key Agricultural Exports

The U.S. specializes in bulk commodities like soybeans, corn, wheat, and cotton. Additionally, it exports high-value items such as almonds, wine, and beef. California, for instance, leads the production of almonds, while the Midwest is renowned for its corn and soybean exports.

Where Are They Exporting?

China, Canada, and Mexico are the top destinations for U.S. agricultural exports. China's massive demand for soybeans and pork places the U.S. as a primary supplier. Canada and Mexico, as neighbors and trading partners under the USMCA, rely on the U.S. for products like grains, meat, and dairy. The European Union and Japan are also key markets for specialty products like nuts and wine.

What Drives U.S. Success?

The U.S. excels due to its large-scale farming operations, advanced technology, and extensive export infrastructure. Its ability to meet large orders consistently makes it a dependable trade partner for Indian importers.

3. Brazil

Brazil is a global leader in agricultural exports, thanks to its vast natural resources and favorable climate. With export revenues exceeding $150 billion annually, the country plays a crucial role in supplying food and agricultural products to the world.

Key Agricultural Exports

Brazil is the largest exporter of soybeans, accounting for nearly half of global exports. Other major exports include coffee, sugar, beef, and poultry. The country is also a significant supplier of orange juice and corn. Its dominance in soybean production stems from the high demand in livestock feed and biofuel industries.

Where Are They Exporting?

China is Brazil's largest trading partner, importing massive quantities of soybeans and meat. The European Union is another key destination, especially for coffee, sugar, and poultry. Middle Eastern countries and Russia also source beef and poultry from Brazil. The nation's growing ties with Southeast Asia, particularly in the demand for corn and soy derivatives, further boost its export portfolio.

What Fuels Brazil's Export Strength?

Brazil's success lies in producing high volumes at competitive costs. Its vast arable land and advanced farming techniques ensure consistent supply. Additionally, government incentives for agricultural trade make Brazil a favorable partner for countries like India.

4. China

China, known for its vast agricultural production capabilities, is a major importer and exporter in the global agricultural trade. Its agricultural exports are valued at approximately $98.93 billion annually, making it a significant player in the market.

Key Agricultural Exports

China's agricultural exports include rice, tea, fruits, and vegetables. It is also a major supplier of processed food products, seafood, and organic vegetables. Green tea, garlic, and apples are among its top exports, with China often dominating global production and trade for these products.

Where Are They Exporting?

China's agricultural exports are primarily directed toward Asia, with Japan and South Korea being major buyers of its seafood and fruits. The United States, the European Union, and Southeast Asian nations also import significant quantities of Chinese rice, tea, and processed foods. Africa is an emerging market, particularly for rice and other staples.

What Drives China's Agricultural Export Success?

China's success stems from its ability to produce food at scale while keeping costs low. Its government invests heavily in farming technology, ensuring higher yields and better quality. Moreover, China's strong infrastructure, including its port network, allows seamless trade with global markets.

5. Canada

Canada's agricultural sector is renowned for producing high-quality grains and meat products. With advanced farming techniques and stringent safety standards, Canadian exports are trusted globally. The country's commitment to sustainability and reliability makes it a preferred trade partner. Numerous countries rely on Canada's agricultural products for their consistent quality and supply.

Key Agricultural Exports

Canada is a leading exporter of wheat, canola, lentils, and barley. It is also renowned for its high-quality beef and pork, making it a preferred choice for meat importers. Other significant exports include maple syrup, peas, and seafood like lobsters and salmon.

Where Are They Exporting?

Canada's primary export destinations are the United States, China, and Japan. The U.S. receives a significant portion of Canada's agricultural products, benefiting from proximity and trade agreements under USMCA. China imports large volumes of canola and pork, while Japan is a key market for Canadian wheat and beef. 

Why Does Canada Excel in Exports?

Canada's agricultural success is driven by its fertile land, advanced farming practices, and strict quality standards. The country's commitment to food safety and sustainability further enhances its reputation globally. For Indian importers, Canada offers reliable access to premium agricultural products.

6. Indonesia

Indonesia is a global leader in agricultural exports, driven by its tropical climate and extensive plantation systems. The country's fertile soil and favorable weather conditions support the cultivation of key crops like palm oil, rubber, and coffee. Its well-established supply chains and large-scale farming operations ensure consistent production and distribution.

Key Agricultural Exports

Indonesia is the world's largest exporter of palm oil, which is used globally in food products, cosmetics, and biofuels. Other major exports include rubber, coffee, cocoa, and spices such as cloves and nutmeg. Its robust seafood industry also contributes to exports of shrimp and tuna.

Where Are They Exporting?

India is one of the largest importers of Indonesian palm oil, alongside China and the European Union. Indonesia's coffee and spices are highly sought after in the United States and Middle Eastern countries. Japan and South Korea are major buyers of seafood, particularly shrimp and tuna.

What Supports Indonesia's Export Growth?

Indonesia's strategic location in Southeast Asia gives it easy access to major markets. Its focus on plantation agriculture, supported by government initiatives, ensures a steady supply of key commodities. For Indian businesses, Indonesia offers valuable opportunities to import palm oil, coffee, and seafood.

7. Thailand

Thailand has cemented its position as a global leader in agricultural exports, renowned for its high-quality products and efficient supply chains. The country excels in producing and exporting staples such as rice, rubber, and tropical fruits, which are in high demand worldwide. Its advanced farming techniques and robust infrastructure ensure consistent output and timely delivery.

Key Agricultural Exports

Thailand's primary agricultural exports are rice, natural rubber, and fresh durian. As one of the world's largest rice exporters, it is known for premium varieties like jasmine rice, which are sought after for their flavor and quality. Thailand also dominates the global durian market, exporting fresh and processed forms of the “king of fruits.” 

Where Are They Exporting?

Thai rice is in high demand across Africa, the Middle East, and Asia, including markets like China and the Philippines. The country's natural rubber is primarily exported to China, Japan, and the United States, where it is used in manufacturing. Fresh durian is also heavily exported to China, which accounts for a large share of the global demand for the fruit.

Why Does Thailand Excel in Agricultural Exports?

Thailand benefits from fertile land, an extensive irrigation network, and a skilled farming workforce. Government support for the rice and rubber industries further strengthens its global trade presence. For Indian importers, Thailand offers opportunities to source premium rice and specialty products like fresh durian.

8. India

India is a major global player in agricultural exports, benefiting from its diverse climate and rich farming traditions. With exports valued at over $50 billion in 2022, India's agricultural trade plays a significant role in the global market.

Key Agricultural Exports

India's top agricultural exports include rice, spices, sugar, and dairy products. It is the world's largest rice exporter, including the aromatic basmati variety, which is highly sought after in Middle Eastern and European markets. Indian spices like turmeric, cumin, and black pepper are renowned worldwide for their quality. 

Where Are They Exporting?

India exports rice and basmati rice to over 150 countries, with significant markets in the Middle East, Africa, and Southeast Asia. Spices are heavily exported to the United States, Europe, and South Asia. Sugar is in demand in Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Malaysia, while Indian dairy products find markets in neighboring countries like Bangladesh and Nepal.

Why Is India a Key Exporter?

India's agricultural strength lies in its vast arable land, diverse crop base, and cost-effective production. The government actively supports exports through policies and incentives, further boosting the sector. For importers, India offers a wide range of high-quality agricultural products at competitive prices, making it a valuable trading partner.

9. Mexico

Mexico plays a vital role in global agricultural exports, contributing over $40 billion annually to the international market. Known for its high-quality produce, Mexico's agricultural exports are highly valued worldwide.

Key Agricultural Exports

Mexico's top agricultural exports include avocados, berries (such as strawberries, blueberries, and raspberries), and tequila, made from the blue agave plant. Other significant exports include tomatoes, citrus fruits, and peppers. The country is particularly known as the largest global supplier of avocados, a commodity often called "green gold."

Where Are They Exporting?

The U.S. is Mexico's largest trading partner, receiving the bulk of its avocado and berry exports. Canada, Japan, and Europe are also significant markets, especially for berries and tequila. Mexico's fresh produce, like tomatoes and peppers, is in high demand across North America and increasingly in Asia.

What Drives Mexico's Agricultural Success?

Mexico's proximity to the U.S., combined with favorable trade agreements like the USMCA, allows for seamless export of fresh produce. Its diverse climate and year-round growing season enable a continuous supply of fruits and vegetables. For Indian businesses, Mexico's agricultural products offer unique opportunities, especially in the premium produce segment.

10.  Australia

Australia is a prominent agricultural exporter known for its high-quality products and efficient farming practices. With agricultural exports surpassing $80 billion in 2022-23, the country holds a key position in global trade.

Key Agricultural Exports

Australia's top agricultural exports include wheat, barley, canola, cotton, and wine. Wheat is the country's most significant export, and its grains are prized for their high protein content. Barley is another key crop used in brewing and animal feed. Canola, grown for its oil and meal, is also widely exported. Australian cotton is sought after for its high-quality fibers, while Australian wines enjoy global recognition for their premium quality.

Where Are They Exporting?

Australia's wheat and barley are heavily exported to Asian markets such as China, Japan, and Indonesia. Canola is shipped to the European Union and China, driven by demand for edible oil and biofuel production. Cotton is exported to countries like India, Vietnam, and Bangladesh, supporting their textile industries. Australian wine is popular in China, the United States, and the United Kingdom.

What Contributes to Australia's Export Success?

Australia's agricultural exports are growing due to its advanced farming techniques, strict quality standards, and focus on sustainability. The country is ideally located to connect with blooming markets across Asia and the Middle East. For Indian importers, Australian products like wheat and cotton offer a reliable supply and consistent quality.

To engage with these countries effectively, you need smart tools and solutions—exactly what Pazago delivers.

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Conclusion

Global trade is powered by the largest exporter of agricultural products, each contributing unique strengths to the market. From Brazil's dominance in soybeans to India's unparalleled spices and Australia's high-quality grains, these nations drive the international exchange of essential commodities. For Indian importers and exporters, understanding the largest exporters of agricultural products is key to making informed decisions and seizing growth opportunities.

With Pazago, you can streamline every aspect of your trade journey—logistics, financing, communication, and more—on a single platform. Empower your business to connect with the largest exporters of agricultural products and unlock limitless potential. 

Visit Pazago today and trade smarter.